Natural radiation background in Wu-Chiu Island has been determined from field surrey and rock-core sample measurement. The research was divided into two major parts as follows: (1) to measure the radionucilde concentration contents in soil or rock samples by using the core sample technique and spectrometer consisting of a 4096 — channel pulse height analyzer and a HPGe detector. (2)field surrey were performed at 20 sites by using a TLD detector and a mobile spectrometer consisting of a 220 — channel pulse height analyzer and a 5cm.Φ x 5cm. NaI(Tl) detector .