HEM provides a conceptual model which integrates human society into the interactions between organisms and inanimate objects. This model considers both the scales of time and space, and analysis the heterogeneous developments among spaces by Patch Dynamic Analysis to study the patterns and the processes of the interactions between the biophysical system and the human society. There were totally thirteen social indicators built up in the Critical Resource System and seventeen indicators in Human Social System.
Through the process of building social indicators, we can analysis more systematically to the social development of Liou-Guei. According to the analysis results, Liou-Guei is a forest-dependent region which emphasizing on agriculture developing, most habitants devoted themselves to first industry. The medical resources in Liou-Guei were very insufficient and need complement with adjacent regions. In the aspect of participation in public affairs, those habitants have lots of fervor. Their voter turnout rate was higher than the hole Gao-Hsiung county. The problems of population aging and outward migration were very serious in Liou-Guei. The dependency ratio was getting higher year after year. In the ethnical analysis, Hakka, Mainlander, Ming-Nan and natives were the mainly four populations in Liou-Guei. In Mau-Lin, however, the native (the Lu-Kai tribe) was the majority. There are very different population compositions in those two townships.
