This study investigated 65 islands in Peng-Hu archipelagoes. Based on various sizes of island, three different investigating path were designed. The aim of this study: 1) knowing the plant composition of all islands. 2) pursuing the structure of plant sociality in Peng-Hu archipelagoes. 3) understanding what kind of plant species in each habitat. 4) understanding floristic relationship between Taiwan island and Peng-Hu archipelagoes.